The largest part of the Victoria Nile sub-basin lies in Uganda with a small part in Kenya and is the drained by the Victoria Nile once it leaves the Lake Victoria. The sub-basin has substantial hydropower potential. The average annual flow of Victoria Nile at Jinja station in Uganda is approximately 32 x 109 m3. This is a sub-basin with relatively good monitoring infrastructure in the Nile Basin.
Meteorological monitoring network
There are 48 meteorological stations in the sub-basin; distributed in Kenya (6) and Uganda (42).11 stations are full met stations. The distribution of the stations is shown in the map below.
| No | Name |
| 1 | Kimama primary |
| 2 | Sirisia Chief’s Camp |
| 3 | Lukolis Dispensary,Kakamega |
| 4 | Kolonya Boy’s Sec. School |
| 5 | Angorai Chief’s Centre |
| 6 | Machakusi Nursery |
| 7 | Amagoro D.o’s Office |
| 8 | Alupe Cotton Research Station |
| 9 | Mbale |
| 10 | Lira |
| 11 | Nakasongola |
| 12 | Namayingo Health Centre |
| 13 | Busitema University |
| 14 | Tororo Met |
| 15 | Kwapa sub county H/Q |
| 16 | Butaleja district H/Q |
| 17 | Budumba health centre |
| 18 | Manafwa water works |
| 19 | Kafu (Masindi) |
| 20 | Enget (Lira) |
| 21 | Namulonge Res Station |
| 22 | Jinja Met. Station |
| 23 | Tororo Met.Station |
| 24 | Soroti Met Station |
| 25 | Lira Ngetta AgroMet Station. |
| 26 | Nabiswera |
| 27 | Alupe KARI |
Hydrometric stations
There are 53 hydrometric stations in the sub-basin; 6 in Kenya and 47 in Uganda. The map below shows the location of the station. The table adjacent to the map provides the list of hydrometric stations that were active at the time of the survey in 2014. Enhancing reservoir operation of a cascade of hydropower dams (existing and planned ones) is one of the priority areas in the sub-basin. This requires enhanced real-time data collection and transmission system linked with appropriately built reservoir management system.
| No | Name |
| 1 | L. Victoria at Jinja Pier |
| 2 | Alupe |
| 3 | Alupe |
| 4 | R. Malaba at Jinja – Tororo Road |
| 5 | Malakisi |
| 6 | Malakisi |
| 7 | Malaba |
| 8 | R. Mayanja at Kapeeka – Kakunga |
| 9 | R. Kigwe at Semuto – Wobulenzi |
| 10 | Yala |
| 11 | R. Mpologoma at Budumba |
| 12 | R. Victoria Nile at Mbulamuti |
| 13 | Malakisi |
| 14 | Wamboli at Nabiswera – Gulu Rd |
| 15 | R. Manafwa at Mbale – Tororo Ro |
| 16 | R. Mpologoma at Tirinyi-Mbale road |
| 17 | R. Namatala at Mbale – Soroti R |
| 18 | R. Sironko at Mbale – Moroto Road |
| 19 | R. Simu at Mbale – Moroto Road |
| 20 | R. Sipi at Mbale – Moroto Road |
| 21 | R. Abuket at Kumi – Serere Road |
| 22 | R. Agu at Kumi – Serere Road |
| 23 | R. Kafu at Kampala – Gulu Road |
| 24 | R. Kelim (Greek) at Mbale – Moroto Road |
| 25 | L. Kyoga at Bugondo Pier |
| 26 | R. Kapiri at Kumi – Soroti Road |
| 27 | R. Kyoga Nile at Masindi Port |
| 28 | R. Namalu at Mbale – Moroto Rd |
| 29 | R. Omunyal Upper at Tiririri – |
| 30 | R. Akokorio at Soroti – Katakwi |
| 31 | L. Kwania at Kachung |
| 32 | R. Enget at Bata – Dokolo Road |
| 33 | R. Tochi II at Gulu – Atura Roa |
| 34 | R. Kyoga Nile at Kamdini |
| 35 | Tochi1 |
| 36 | R. Sezibwa at Falls |